Abstract: Wireless sensor network is a collection of distributed sensor nodes, which can sense the environment by collecting, processing and transmitting the data to sink node. The main drawback of wireless sensor networks since most sensors are connected by non-rechargeable batteries. The lifetime of a sensor network can be increased by jointly applying different techniques of routing and scheduling schemes also brings great challenges to the design of efficient distributed routing protocols for multi-hop wireless sensor networks. In scheduling algorithms, the nodes are organized in sleep state when they are not required. The scheduling algorithms is applied to diminish resource starvation and to make honesty amongst the parties using the resources. The main impetus of routing algorithm is applied to wireless sensor networks for minimizing energy consumption due to retransmissions and dynamically bypass of different sensor nodes with less energy. This paper gives a review on the latest progress in scheduling and routing schemes that are used in the WSN and compare their strengths and weakness.

Keywords: wireless sensor network, sensor nodes, routing, scheduling, energy constraint, duty cycle.